PAM körnigen

Polyacrylamide(PAM) Specification PAManionic PAMnonionic PAMcationic PAMamphoteric appearance Whitegranulatedpowder diameter(mm) <2 solidcontent(%) ≥88 dissolution(min) ≤1.5 insoluble(%) ≤2 molecularweight(K) 5000-24000 3000-6000 3000-8000 8000-15000 hydrolysis(%) 13-30 5-15 5-50 10-20 Molecularweightcanvaryintherangeindicatedaboveuponclient'srequest. Physicalproperty&CharacteristicsofPAM 1.physicalproperty:(CH2CHCONH2)r PAMisalinearpolymer.Itissolubletowater,insolubletocommonorganicsolventslikebenzene,ethylbenzene,esters,acetone.PAMishygroscopicandthehygroscopicityiscorrelativetoitsionization.TheaqueoussolutionofPAMisanalmosttransparentthickliquidwhichisnontoxicandnoncorrosive.PAMisstabletoheatupto100°C.Above150°C,itdecomposestonitrogenandtransmoleculariminizationaccures,whichrenderitinsolubletowater.ThedensityofPAMis23°C1.302g/ml,anditsvitrificationtemperatureis153°C.PAMshowsnon-newtonfluidfeaturesunderstress. 2.characteristics 1)flocculation£ºsuspendingparticlescanbeflocculatedbyPAMviacharge-patchneutralizationorbridgingmechanism. 2)adhesiveability 3)frictionreduction£ºTraceamountofPAMinwatercaneffectivelyreduce50-80%offrictions. 4)Thickening£ºPAMpossessesthickeningabilityatacidorneutralcondition.AtPH>10,hydrolysisaccures,renderinghalfnetworkstructurewhichenhancesthethickeningeffect. 3¡¢mechanism: 1)flocculation:WhenPAMisusedtoeffectflocculation,certainfactorsshouldbeconcerned:electrokineticpotentialonthesurfaceofgranules,viscosity,turbidityandPH.Theelectrokineticpotentialmakesgranulesrepulsivetoeachother.PAMneutralizesthechargesonthesurfaceofthegranulesandhelpflocculation. 2)bridgingeffect£ºGranulescanbeattachedbyPAMwhichtakeseffectlikebridges.Thegranulesfinallygotowardsaggregates. 3)surfaceabsorption£ºPolarfunctionalgroupsinPAMcaneffectsurfaceabsorption. 4)supportingeffect:PAMmolecularsconnectthedispersedphasesviamechanical,physicalandchemicalforces,thusformingnetworkstructuretosupportthephases.