甲醇

Methanol structure are most simple saturated unary alcohol, the patent CH3OH. Also called "wood alcohol" or "wood essences". There is a colorless alcoholic smell volatile liquid. Toxic, swallowed 5 10 ml can blind, a large number of drinking can cause death. Methanol is a colorless, transparent, inflammable, volatile toxic liquid, under normal temperature of metal non-corrosive (lead, aluminium exception), slightly alcohol smell. Molecular weight 32.04, relative density 0.792 (20/4 °C), melting point - 97.8 °C, boiling point, burning hot °C 6.45 725.76 KJ/mol and flash point 12.22 °C, spontaneous combustion point °C, steam density 1.11 463.89 KPa (13.33, vapor pressure 100mmHg 2.12 °C), steam mixture with air explosion limit 6 36.5 percent (volume ratio), can with water, ethanol, ethyl ether, benzene, ketones, halogenated hydrocarbon and many other organic solvent phase, but not immiscible with petroleum ether immiscible, encounter heat, flame or oxidant easy burn. Volatile way also makes an object paint surface by corrosion. Methanol extensive use, is the foundation of organic chemicals and high quality fuels. Mainly used in chemical industry, plastic and other fields, used to make the formaldehyde, acetic acid, chloride methane, armour ammonia, dimethyl sulfate and so on many kinds of organic products, also pesticide, medicine one of the important raw materials. Methanol in processing after as a new clean fuel, also join mixed burn gasoline. Methanol and ammonia reaction can create a armour amine.