Обратный осмос (RO) устройства

Reverse Osmosis (RO) Device Introduction 1.Working principle and performance overview: Reverse osmosis is a kind of semi-permeable membrane working under different pressures, and only the water can flowthrough it. Its working principle is hydrogen bond theory and selective adsorption capillary flow theory.The general reverse osmosis membrane is low-tension composite membrane and ultra-low pressure composite membrane. Its structure is screw roll-type. Its advantages as follows:unit volume with large surface area,great steam distribution,compact structure,high desalination rate,good interception.Disadvantages:is easy to block and hard to wash. So it is important to do pretreating and washing. 2.Main factors affecting the desalination rate of reverse osmosis membrane: Ion degree rises with the increase of ion degree,second and third degree ion desalination rateis higher than single degree ion. Size of molecules:the desalination rate risesas average diameter of molecule. Trend of hydrogen bond:as those organic contains strong hydrogen bond,the desalination rate declines,such as water,ammonia and phenol.,etc. Solubility gas:under its dissociation easy to permeate,such as CO,SO,O,CI,HS. PH value:under acid condition although the membrane is not easy to block,the desalination rate will decline. sourcewater concentration:when raw water rises, consistent desalination rate will decline. Water temperature:when water temperature rises,desalination ratewill increase a little. Working pressure:whenworking pressure rises,desalination rate will increase a little. 3. Application: Drinking water produce. Soft and salt removal of boiler water supply. Pharmaceutical,medicine water supply produce. Electronic industry ultrapure water produce. 4. Reverse osmosis membrane washing: Number Pollution cause Cleanout fluid Medicament dosage Washing method 1 Metallic oxide A.2% PH4-5 citrate ammonia B.4% sodium bisulfite About 100L/Set component 1.Keep 0.4Mpa,1T/H flow rate 2 hours 2.Keep1Mpa washing for 30 mins 3.Keep normal running 2 Calcium sediment A.Hydrochloric acid PH4 B.Citric acid PH4 Ditto Ditto 3 Organic, Colloid substance 1.Citric acid PH4 2.Hydrochloric acid PH2 3.Sodium hydroxide PH12 About 200L/set component 1.Pressure0.4Mpa,2.5T/H circle for 2 hours 2.Washing and swashing about10 mins 3.Keep normal running 4 Bacteria 1%Formalelin About 100L/set component Same with NO.1 Chemical washing pharmacy and its formula: Pollution cause Washing pharmacy Prescripton Calcium dirty CaCO3,CaSO4 Citric acid EDTA sodium phosphate 0.2-2% aqueous solution,mix the PH about 2-4 with hydrogen 1-2% aqueous solution,mix the PH about 7 with ammonia 0.2-1% aqueous solution Metallic oxide Ee(OH)3 Al(OH)3 Oxalic acid 0.2-1% aqueous solution,mix the PH about 2-4 with ammonia Oilness organic Surface active agent 0.1-1% aqueous solution,mix the PH7-8 with acid Microorganism sticky mud Chlorine sodium hypochlorite 5-10mg/L chlorinePH5-6 Washing at the same time adding agent for keeping PH about 5-6